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Zero reference is an absolute value used to quantify 0vu (volume units), a baseline from which audio volume units are measured and aligned.
The vu scale is a variable scale, so 0vu can represent different absolutes. In the United States most professional audio facilities use +4dBu as their zero reference level. In other words, 0vu = +4dBu. This is important because +4dBu is an absolute measurement, equal to 1.228 RMS (average) volts.
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Audio Post Production Knowledge Base